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4.3 Political Party Systems

Part of Party and Electoral Systems and Citizen Organizations in AP® Comparative Government & Politics. Read the opening section, then create a free account for the full interactive lesson, practice, and progress tracking.

Lesson Overview

Party systems describe the number, competitiveness, and relationships of parties that can realistically influence power. Electoral rules, social cleavages, history, and state restrictions shape these systems.

Compare formal rules with actual political competition across the six AP course countries.

Quantitative lens: N=1/(s12+s22+...+sn2){N=1/(s_1^2+s_2^2+...+s_n^2)}.

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