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4.3 Price Discrimination

Part of Imperfect Competition in AP® Microeconomics. Read the opening section, then create a free account for the full interactive lesson, practice, and progress tracking.

Price Discrimination

Price discrimination is a strategy used by firms to maximize profits by charging different prices for the same good or service to different consumers or groups of consumers. Unlike in a single-price monopoly where one price applies to all buyers, price discrimination allows firms to extract greater consumer surplus by tailoring prices to individual willingness to pay. This practice is common in various industries and depends on the firm’s ability to segment the market and prevent resale among consumers.

Understanding price discrimination requires analyzing how it works, the conditions under which it is feasible, and its economic effects on firms, consumers, and overall market efficiency.

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