6.5 Economic Imperialism from 1750 to 1900

Industrialization and empire unleashed unprecedented human movement between 1750 and 1900. Tens of millions migrated voluntarily or under coercion, reshaping demographics and cultures worldwide. Migration accelerated for both economic and social reasons. Industrial economies created labor demand, while rural mechanization displaced workers. European populations surged, prompting emigration to the Americas and colonies. Crises like the Irish Famine intensified these flows.