Wave Properties
A wave is a disturbance in a medium that transfers energy without changing the net position of the particles in that medium. Mechanical waves such as sound or ocean waves propagate through a physical medium such as air or water. A wave pulse can be imagined as a small section of a wave propagating through a medium. Wave pulses can be modeled using a string in tension. By making a displacement in a rope in tension, the energy will be sent forward as a wave pulse.
Above is a diagram of the various parts of a wave. The crest of the wave is the highest point of the wave while the trough is the lowest point. The amplitude is the height of the wave measured from its rest position. The amplitude of a wave is directly correlated to how much energy the wave will carry or how loud a sound wave will feel. Wavelength is the distance between two of the same repeating parts of the wave.