StellarHistorical and Ecological Patterns of Extinction
Extinctions have been a recurring feature throughout Earth’s history, shaping the evolutionary landscape. These events range from background extinctions, occurring at a steady rate, to mass extinctions that eliminate vast numbers of species in a short timeframe. Extinction rates can spike during periods of ecological stress, such as rapid climate changes, habitat loss, or catastrophic events like asteroid impacts. Such stresses disrupt ecosystems and lead to the decline of vulnerable populations.